More insight into the concept of iron plaque formation and its characteristics in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24917/25438832.6.13Keywords:
iron oxide plaque, toxic metals immobilisation, radial oxygen loss, paddy fieldsAbstract
Trwały i bioakumulacyjny charakter toksycznych metali(oidów) (TM) jest głównym problemem związanym z ich obecnością w środowisku. Skażenie TM w glebie i osadach zwiększa potencjalne ryzyko utraty zdrowia człowieka, przez narażenie na skażenie łańcucha pokarmowego. Odkładanie płytki tlenku żelaza na korzeniach hydrofitowych (np. ryżu) jest wynikiem różnych czynników biotycznych i abiotycznych. Promieniowa utrata tlenu (ROL) odgrywa kluczową rolę w utlenianiu żelaza w ryzosferze, a następnie wytrącaniu nisko- lub wysoko krystalicznych i/lub amorficznych minerałów żelaza na powierzchni korzeni. Biorąc pod uwagę, że każdy gatunek rośliny ma unikalną zdolność tworzenia utlenionej ryzosfery w warunkach beztlenowych gleby, obecność żelaza w ryzosferze ma ogromne znaczenie. Grupy funkcyjne (-OH) i specyficzne powierzchnie reagujące w blaszkach żelaza mają wysokie powinowactwo do adsorpcji różnych metali śladowych (toksycznych/nietoksycznych), wpływając na ich wchłanianie i akumulację w roślinach. W akumulacji różnych pierwiastków ważną rolę odgrywają płytki żelaza (IP). Gatunki roślin o niskim IP na swoich korzeniach mogą lepiej akumulować metale ciężkie, niezależnie od tego, czy IP jest barierą, czy buforem. Rośliny jadalne o wysokim IP są lepszymi fito-remediatorami potencjalnie fitotoksycznych metali(oidów) i mogą być bezpieczniejsze do spożywania przez ludzi. Niniejszy przegląd podsumowuje obecną wiedze dotyczącą czynników związanych z tworzeniem i funkcjami płytki żelaza w zarządzaniu transportem metali w systemie korzeniowym.
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